The global network of science academies InterAcademy Partnership (IAP) gives 21 recommendations recommendations regarding open science policies and practices. Dr Henrikki Tenkanen (University College London/Aalto University) were a member of the IAP open science group producing the report IAP input into the UNESCO open science recommendation.
The report were produced in order to support and complement the UNESCO open science recommmendation in order to create common standards for open science in global level. The recommendations are directed towards multiple stakeholders – individuals, institutions and, more generally, all the open science actors that should collaborate to fully realize them. They vary in level of specificity, but all, individually and in aggregate, play a role in reaching the goals of open science. Ultimately, their implementation serves society at large by providing the foundation for scientific collaboration without borders.
- Adopt and promote open science practices to strengthen the relationship between society and science, thereby allowing citizens to engage more fully in issues of societal importance
- Promote and support science, and in particular open science; it plays a critical role in mitigating global threats and disasters, and reducing risks through decreasing the knowledge gap. Use open science accordingly to make evidence-based decisions and policy.
- Create awareness among researchers about the many opportunities offered by openness.
- Ensure equity of access such that both producers and consumers of scientific outputs have equal access.
- Promote cultural change in research settings to support open science practices.
- Ensure that open science policies are harmonized to the extent possible, taking existing international agreements into account and identifying ways to improve them.
- Create a policy environment for open science by aligning and implementing policies that are conducive to sharing research outputs.
- Provide policy makers with appropriate access to outputs, so that they can make more informed decisions.
- Support the development of national/ international legal instruments to allow for sharing across repositories without regard to national or regional boundaries.
- Develop cybersecurity and adequate e-infrastructure, including among others, appropriate identification and tagging for open science outputs.
- Advance the construction of open science platforms to facilitate broader and more inclusive knowledge for scientific advancement, addressing regional problems and recognizing the value of indigenous and local knowledge.
- Foster training in open science to construct and prepare outputs so that all can take advantage of the open movement – including open data, open software and open publications.
- Consider adopting licensing schemes that allow the distribution of scientific outputs internationally, or developing new models more adequate for science outputs.
- Foster public-private partnerships to enhance open science.
- Promote open education practices, and support the production of FAIR educational materials, and the training of those who prepare these materials for designing and producing content that is approachable for potential readers.
- Create conditions for publishers and scientific societies to work together, so that they can develop new business models for equitable publication and access.
- Promote the rapid availability of intermediate research results in cases of major emergencies.
- Implement appropriate regulations and incentives for good open data and open software practices, and sanctions for misuse.
- Recognize the value of open outputs and the practice of open science as a means of creating collaborative ecosystems.
- Recognize and reward the merit of those who work in the creation and maintenance of open outputs. Revisit existing metrics for assessing research impact, going beyond publications. Reform the research evaluation system to incentivize open research practices.
- Explore the potential of open science practices to reduce scientific misconduct, including the fabrication and falsification of results and plagiarism.